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Chapter 5 - Security Configuration. This section provides detailed documentation on the security settings that can be used to improve the security of Windows 2. The settings are divided into categories corresponding to the categories presented in the SCE interfaces. Section 0 of this document provides the procedures for automating most of the security settings defined in this section by applying pre- defined security configuration templates.
This policy allows administrators to configure Kerberos. Account policies can be applied to user accounts in domains or OUs.
For account policies in one domain in a forest to have any effect on another domain, even a sub- domain, there must be an explicit link to the group policy object. In addition, the following are important points to keep in mind with respect to account policies: Domain account policies applied through a Domain policy take effect only on the accounts defined on the domain controllers in that domain and any sub- domains. This also includes the following three settings: Automatically log off users when logon time expires. Rename administrator account.
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Rename guest account. Account policies defined on an OU take effect on the local accounts defined on the computers that are members of that OU. Password Policy. View and edit current password policy settings as follows: Open the applicable security policy, whether via a GPO, through the SCE, or through Local Security Policies. Expand Security Settings. Within Security Settings, expand Account Policies to reveal the Password, Account Lockout, and Kerberos policies. Click on the Password Policy object. Setting this to any value checks new passwords against that many prior passwords and rejects a password change if the new password matches any existing passwords.
This increases the chance that passwords stolen by an attacker will not be valid by the time they are cracked. The recommended setting prevents users from having to change their password so often that they cannot remember what it is. It also prevents them from circumventing the password history by rapidly setting 2.
By requiring at least 8 characters even the weaker LMHash is much stronger, requiring crackers to crack both 7- character portions of the LMHash, as opposed to only one half. If a password is 7 characters or less, the second half of the LMHash has a specific value which allows a cracker to tell that the password is shorter than 8 characters. A significant amount of time has been spent arguing that 8 character passwords are less secure than 7 character passwords due to the way the LMHash is stored. In an 8 character password, the cracker would simply test the second half of the password while testing the first half. However, what this argument fails to take into account is that this still increases the number of checks a cracker has to perform by an additional 1/7th, significantly extending the time it takes to crack the password. Longer passwords are always better, and if LMHashes are not stored, 8 character passwords are orders of magnitude more secure than 7 character passwords.
Recommending shorter passwords over longer ones is misguided. This policy will impose a requirement for at least three of the following four character sets: (1) upper case letters, (2) lower case letters, (3) numbers, and (4) non- alpha numeric characters. For more information on requiring and verifying additional complexity in passwords, please see section 0.
At worst, you can rupture your eardrum or pop a blood vessel in your eye, but that’s unlikely. If you stop a violent sneeze, the pressure from the sneeze could. TheINQUIRER publishes daily news, reviews on the latest gadgets and devices, and INQdepth articles for tech buffs and hobbyists. This section provides detailed documentation on the security settings that can be used to improve the security of Windows 2000. Tables are provided describing the.
Recommendation: Enable password complexity. Rationale: Password complexity is paramount to prevent password guessing and password cracking. Certain scenarios require knowledge of the user's clear- text password. In those scenarios enabling this setting allows the clear- text password to be obtained.
Recommendation: Do not enable this setting. Verify the default setting of . Account lockout would lock out the account after a certain number of bad passwords have been entered.
The lockout can last for a duration of time or be indefinite, until the administrator unlocks the account. The built- in Administrator account cannot be locked out from local logons, only from network logons. Furthermore, it can only be locked out from network logons by using the passprop. Windows 2. 00. 0 Server Resource Kit. We recommend not using account lockout policy for several reasons. First, if password policies are configured as per above, account lockouts are superfluous as no attacker will be able to guess the password in a reasonable period of time. Using only upper- and lower- case letters and numbers, and assuming that users do not use dictionary words with only a number appended, it will take 3,4.
Since passwords are changed frequently, the likelihood that an attacker can guess the password is very slim. In fact, if passwords are changed every 7. T3 lines coming in to the victim system in order to guess just one random password prior to its expiration (assuming, of course, that the password does not appear in a dictionary). In other words, if passwords are so weak that an attacker manages to guess the password in a single- digit number of tries, the problem is not the lack of account lockout policies, but rather extremely poor passwords.
Further, enabling account lockout policies will greatly increase the helpdesk burden due to users accidentally locking out their account by forgetting to turn off the caps- lock key or similar issues. This is particularly true when users are required to use complicated passwords, which otherwise is a good practice. Even worse than the increased helpdesk call volume directly generated by account lockout would be the effect on the network if an attacker should lock out service accounts. In this case, the services would fail to start.
If a service fails to start once because of an account lockout, it will not retry starting the service, and an administrator would have to manually go to the system and start the service; after the account lockout period has expired. We highly recommend using a vulnerability scanner in all environments. However, a vulnerability scanner typically tests a small number of commonly used passwords, and if account lockout policy is used, the scanner will lock out all accounts each time it scans the network. This could have an unintended adverse impact on system availability. In addition, account lockout by default does not operate against the one account that an attacker is most likely to attack; the Administrator account. Although it is possible to obtain a list of the other administrative accounts on a system, most attackers will attempt to guess passwords on the obvious accounts, such as the default Administrator account.
In order to enable lockout of the Administrator account you must use the passprop. Resource kit. Lastly, since a firewall should be used to block Windows networking from untrusted networks, password guessing would only be possible from trusted networks. In a trusted network, the culprit of a password guessing attack should be relatively easy to locate and deal with by tracing the logon attempts. Trend Micro Registry Allow Uninstall Firefox.
This all being said, there is one potential use of account lockout, and it is to alert administrators that a password guessing attack is under way. However, an intrusion detection system should be used to detect this. We do not endorse using account lockout policy as a replacement for a real intrusion detection system.
However, in environments where account lockout is desired for its alerting effect, we recommend setting the threshold to 5. Access the Kerberos Policy Settings. The default settings for Kerberos Policies are adequate.
Do not change these defaults. Local Policies. Local Policies govern security settings that apply to individual computers or users.
These used to be called privileges in prior versions of Windows NT. Security options. Clinical Trials Management Systems Comparison more. Several of the settings discussed in this section are not visible by default in the tools described in this section.