Solaris 11 Automated Install Server No Machine
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ZFS - Wikipedia. ZFSDeveloper(s)Oracle Corporation. Full name. ZFSIntroduced. November 2. 00. 5 with Open. Solaris. Structures. Directory contents. Extensible hash table.
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Limits. Max. The features of ZFS include protection against data corruption, support for high storage capacities, efficient data compression, integration of the concepts of filesystem and volume management, snapshots and copy- on- write clones, continuous integrity checking and automatic repair, RAID- Z and native NFSv. ACLs. The ZFS name is registered as a trademark of Oracle Corporation. ZFS became a standard feature of Solaris 1. June 2. 00. 6. In 2. Oracle stopped the releasing of source code for new Open. Solaris and ZFS development, effectively forking their closed- source development from the open- source branch.
In response, Open. ZFS was created as a new open- source development umbrella project. The user sees this as a single volume, containing an NTFS- formatted drive of their data, and NTFS is not necessarily aware of the manipulations that may be required (such as rebuilding the RAID array if a disk fails). The management of the individual devices and their presentation as a single device, is distinct from the management of the files held on that apparent device. ZFS is unusual, because unlike most other storage systems, it unifies both of these roles and acts as both the volume manager and the file system. Therefore, it has complete knowledge of both the physical disks and volumes (including their condition, status, their logical arrangement into volumes, and also of all the files stored on them). ZFS is designed to ensure (subject to suitable hardware) that data stored on disks cannot be lost due to physical error or misprocessing by the hardware or operating system, or bit rot events and data corruption which may happen over time, and its complete control of the storage system is used to ensure that every step, whether related to file management or disk management, is verified, confirmed, corrected if needed, and optimized, in a way that storage controller cards, and separate volume and file managers cannot achieve.
ZFS also includes a mechanism for snapshots and replication, including snapshot cloning; the former is described by the Free. BSD documentation as one of its . Snapshots can be rolled back . Checksums are stored with a block's parent block, rather than with the block itself. This contrasts with many file systems where checksums (if held) are stored with the data so that if the data is lost or corrupt, the checksum is also likely to be lost or incorrect. Can store a user- specified number of copies of data or metadata, or selected types of data, to improve the ability to recover from data corruption of important files and structures. Automatic rollback of recent changes to the file system and data, in some circumstances, in the event of an error or inconsistency.
Acquire the ability to configure virtual networks with vSphere standard switches and use vCenter Server to manage various types of host storage and Virtual Volumes.
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Automated and (usually) silent self- healing of data inconsistencies and write failure when detected, for all errors where the data is capable of reconstruction. Data can be reconstructed using all of the following: error detection and correction checksums stored in each block's parent block; multiple copies of data (including checksums) held on the disk; write intentions logged on the SLOG (ZIL) for writes that should have occurred but did not occur (after a power failure); parity data from RAID/RAIDZ disks and volumes; copies of data from mirrored disks and volumes. Native handling of standard RAID levels and additional ZFS RAID layouts (. The RAIDZ levels stripe data across only the disks required, for efficiency (many RAID systems stripe indiscriminately across all devices), and checksumming allows rebuilding of inconsistent or corrupted data to be minimised to those blocks with defects; Native handling of tiered storage and caching devices, which is usually a volume related task.
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Because it also understands the file system, it can use file- related knowledge to inform, integrate and optimize its tiered storage handling which a separate device cannot; Native handling of snapshots and backup/replication which can be made efficient by integrating the volume and file handling. ZFS can routinely take snapshots several times an hour of the data system, efficiently and quickly. For example, synchronous writes which are capable of slowing down the storage system can be converted to asynchronous writes by being written to a fast separate caching device, known as the SLOG (sometimes called the ZIL - ZFS Intent Log). Highly tunable - many internal parameters can be configured for optimal functionality. Can be used for high availability clusters and computing, although not fully designed for this use. Inappropriately specified systems.
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It expects or is designed with the assumption of a specific kind of hardware environment. If the system is not suitable for ZFS, then ZFS may underperform significantly. Common system design failures: Inadequate RAM — ZFS may use a large amount of memory in many scenarios; Inadequate disk free space — ZFS uses copy on write for data storage; its performance may suffer if the disk pool gets too close to full; No efficient dedicated SLOG device, when synchronous writing is prominent — this is notably the case for NFS and ESXi; even SSD based systems may need a separate SLOG device for expected performance. The SLOG device is only used for writing apart from when recovering from a system error.
It can often be small (for example, in Free. NAS, the SLOG device only needs to store the largest amount of data likely to be written in about 1.
SLOG is therefore unusual in that its main criteria are pure write functionality, low latency, and loss protection - usually little else matters. Lack of suitable caches, or misdesigned caches — for example, ZFS can cache read data in RAM (. System Center Updates Publisher Adobe Catalog Maker. While routine for other filing systems, ZFS handles RAID natively, and is designed to work with a raw and unmodified low level view of storage devices, so it can fully use its functionality. A separate RAID card may leave ZFS less efficient and reliable. For example ZFS checksums all data, but most RAID cards will not do this as effectively, or for cached data.
Separate cards can also mislead ZFS about the state of data, for example after a crash, or by mis- signalling exactly when data has safely been written, and in some cases this can lead to issues and data loss. Separate cards can also slow down the system, sometimes greatly, by adding latency to every data read/write operation, or by undertaking full rebuilds of damaged arrays where ZFS would have only needed to do minor repairs of a few seconds. ZFS terminology and storage structure. The vdev is an essential part of ZFS resilience, since it provides redundancy. Therefore, it is easiest to describe ZFS physical storage by first looking at vdevs.
Each vdev can be one of: a single device, ormultiple devices in a mirrored configuration, ormultiple devices in a ZFS RAID (. Devices might not be in a vdev if they are unused spare disks, offline disks, or cache devices. Each vdev that the user defines, is completely independent from every other vdev, so different types of vdev can be mixed arbitrarily in a single ZFS system. If data redundancy is required (so that data is protected against physical device failure), then this is ensured by the user when they organize devices into vdevs, either by using a mirrored vdev or a Raid. Z vdev. Data on a single device vdev may be lost if the device develops a fault.
Data on a mirrored or Raid. Z vdev will only be lost if enough disks fail at the same time (or before the system has resilvered any replacements due to recent disk failures). A ZFS vdev will continue to function in service if it is capable of providing at least one copy of the data stored on it, although it may become slower due to error fixing and resilvering, as part of its self- repair and data integrity processes.