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GM Ecotec engine - Wikipedia. The GM Ecotec engine, also known by its codename L8. While these engines were based on the GM Family II engine, the architecture was substantially re- engineered for the new Ecotec application produced since 2. This engine family replaced the GM Family II engine, the GM 1. Saab H engine, and the Quad 4 engine.
It is manufactured in multiple locations, to include Spring Hill Manufacturing, in Spring Hill, Tennessee. Generation I. The name was already used for the Opel GM Family II engine, Family 1 and Family 0 ranges. GM intends this new Ecotec to become its global 4- cylinder, and it has already fully replaced their OHV I4 line. The Ecotec engine is a DOHC4- valve design with a lost foam cast aluminum block and head (L8. L8. 80 for 8. 8 mm bore. Development began in 1.
Opel's International Technical Development Center in R. The engine uses aluminum pistons and cast iron cylinder liners. Vibration is reduced with twin balance shafts. The first engine in the Ecotec Gen I line- up was Ecotec 2.
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L6. 1, introduced in 2. The current Ecotec line is manufactured in Tonawanda, New York. The exhaust valves are liquid sodium- cooled. All vehicles using this engine feature Saab's Trionic 8 (T8) engine management system as well as a revised valve train.
The timing chain and timing gears are also new, along with Saab's Direct Ignition system. The reinforcements, turbocharging, intercooling, internals, dual overhead camshaft, and such were developed by GM Powertrain Sweden (Saab Automobile Powertrain). It features an 8. Maximum power is 2. W) at 5. 30. 0 rpm and 2. Maximum boost is 1. Saab 9- 3, and Cadillac BLS Variations: Model.
Years. Power. Torque. Turbocharger. 1. 8t (B2. E)2. 00. 2–2. 01. W (1. 50 PS; 1. 48 hp) @ 5. N. The LSJ shares many of its components with the LK9 such as: piston cooling jets, oil cooler, pistons, connecting rods, crankshaft, oil pan, sodium- filled exhaust valves and cylinder head.
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With the end of the Chevy Cobalt S/C SS and Saturn Ion Red Line, the LSJ was discontinued after 2. In late 2. 00. 5 Brammo Motorsports struck a deal with GM for the Supercharged 2. L Ecotec for their Ariel Atom. The engine came in various ratings from 2. W) to 3. 00 hp (2. W). The LSJ was on the Ward's 1. Best Engines list for 2.
This engine is used in. Pontiac Sunfire Ecotec engine. This engine is also known as a Z2. SE in other countries such as The United Kingdom and Australia and Europe . The basic Family II architecture was substantially re- engineered in 2. Ecotec Gen I. Unlike its notably harsh predecessor, the engine was designed for smoothness.
Dual in- block balance shafts were integral to the design, the power- steering pump was mounted directly to the cylinder head and driven by the intake camshaft, the water- pump housing was cast into the block, and the A/C compressor and alternator were mounted directly on the block without brackets. The oil filter housing was cast into the block with a removable cover and replaceable paper element.
It did not use an EGR valve. The Ecotec line is manufactured in Tonawanda, New York and Kaiserslautern, Germany, and was also manufactured for Saturn in Spring Hill, Tennessee until Saturn's discontinuation. In North America this engine replaced both the Quad- 4 and the GM 1. Saturn L- Series. The engine is 6. 65 millimetres (2. The 2. 00. 3 Saturn L- Series has a high output version with higher (1. The 2. 00. 4–2. 00.
Chevrolet Malibu uses a version with electronic throttle control and a special unitized exhaust manifold and catalytic converter. The Malibu and Saturn versions also use return- less fuel injection. The 2. 00. 2 Saturn VUE was the first North American variant of the L6. Saturn ION and Chevrolet Cobalt.
For 2. 00. 7, introduced an updated version of the L6. Gen II design. The supercharger and inlet manifold from the 2. Ecotec LSJ engine can be purchased as an official kit from GM and along with modified software in the ECM, can create a 2. The L6. 1 was used in the following cars: Year(s)Model. Power. Torque. Compression ratio. Dyno chart. 20. 02. Chevrolet Cavalier.
W) @ 5. 60. 0 rpm. It delivers 1. 29 hp (9. W) and 1. 29 ft. Applications: Generation II. In these applications, the engine is mounted longitudinally. Displacement is 2. L—1,9. 98 cc (1. 21. Compression is 9.
W) at 5. 30. 0 rpm and 2. Engine redline is at 6. The sodium filled exhaust valves were based on technology developed for the Corvette V8 powertrains.
The sodium fuses and becomes a liquid at idle, which improves conductivity and draws heat away from the valve face and valve guide towards the stem to be cooled by the engine oil circulating in this area. The camshaft- driven direct injection systems pressurizes the fuel to 3. The Gen II block was developed using data from racing programs and computer simulations. The bore walls and bulkheads were strengthened with a weight increase of 1 kg (2. The coolant jackets were expanded to improve heat transfer, resulting in a coolant capacity increase of 0. In December 2. 00.
GM released a Turbo Upgrade Kit for the LNF engine which increases horsepower to 2. W) and torque to up to 3. The kit retails for $6. MAP sensors. The kit is covered by the cars' existing GM warranties. With the demise of the GM Performance Division, performance tunes like this have been relegated to the aftermarket sector. This despite newer engines being more durable, and tuned to lower horsepower levels in numerous sport- car applications. Unique LNF features.
This engine is also known as A2. NFT and A2. 0NHT by GM Powertrain Europe.
This engine is used in: Year(s)Model. Power. Torque. 20. Opel Insignia. 16. W (2. 20 PS; 2. 17 hp) @ 5. N. Maximum engine speed is listed at 6. RPM. In 2. 00. 7, the L6.
LE5. It switched to the higher- strength Gen II block and received a revised cylinder head (enlarged exhaust ports) and camshaft design (increased exhaust valve duration). The engine also switched from wasted spark ignition to individual coil- on- plug ignition, this forced the cam cover to be redesigned. It was also switched to an E3. These changes increase horsepower slightly and allow the engine to meet PZEV standards. Compression ratio is 1. Major features that set it apart from the 2. L L6. 1 are variable- valve- timing and other cylinder head improvements from the 2.
L LE5. Year(s)Model. Power. Torque. 20. Chevrolet Cobalt. W) @ 6. 10. 0 rpm.
Bore and stroke remain the same 8. Compression ratio is 1. E8. 5. Year(s)Model. Power. Torque. 20. Chevrolet HHR1. 55 hp (1.
W) @ 6. 10. 0 rpm (gasoline)1. Both the 8. 8 mm (3. Variable Valve Timing on the intake and exhaust improve low- end torque. Compression is 1. Power is 1. 64–1. W) and torque is 1. The engine uses a reinforced .
The Slingshot is a three- wheeled side- by- side street vehicle, classed as a motorcycle. Bore and stroke are 8. LE5. Year(s)Model. Power. Torque. 20. Chevrolet HHR1. 72 hp (1. W) @ 5. 80. 0 rpm (gasoline)1.
It uses technology based on GM's other four- cylinder direct injection applications, but with unique features designed for its specific application. This includes an 1. Bore, stroke, and compression ratio all remain the same. Maximum engine speed is listed at 7.
RPM. The LUK is similar to the LAF, but adds the e. Assist mild- hybrid system. Maximum engine speed is listed at 7. RPM. Year(s)Model. Power. Torque. Dyno Chart.
Buick La. Crosse. W) @ 6. 70. 0 rpm. Bore and stroke are both 8.
The engine uses twin- scroll turbocharger with electronically controlled wastegate/bypass valve, air- to- air intercooler, stainless steel dual- scroll (1–4, 2–3) exhaust manifold designed to withstand 9. The engine features dual overhead camshafts with continuously variable valve timing and increased- authority cam phasing (increased phase rotation angle), a high- pressure returnless direct- injection fuel system with camshaft- driven fuel pump delivering 7. Free Download One Piece Movie 2 Subtitle Indonesia Goblin. The engine redline is 7.
The balance shafts are relocated from the cylinder block to oil pan module.
Ford Escape - Wikipedia. It is not to be confused with Mercury Marine. The Ford Escape is a compact crossover vehicle sold by Ford since 2.
Ford released the original model in 2. Mazda of Japan—who took a lead in the engineering of the two models and sold their version as the Mazda Tribute. Although the Escape and Tribute share the same underpinnings constructed from the Ford CD2 platform (based on Mazda GF underpinnings), the only panels common to the two vehicles are the roof and floor pressings.
Powertrains were supplied by Mazda with respect to the base inline- four engine, with Ford providing the optional V6. At first, the twinned models were assembled by Ford in the US for North American consumption, with Mazda in Japan supplying cars for other markets. This followed a long history of Mazda- derived Fords, starting with the Ford Courier in the 1.
Ford also sold the first generation Escape in Europe and China as the Ford Maverick, replacing the previous Nissan- sourced model. Then in 2. 00. 4, for the 2.
Ford's luxury Mercury division released a rebadged version called the Mercury Mariner, sold mainly in North America. The first iteration Escape remains notable as the first SUV to offer a hybrid drivetrain option, released in 2. North American markets only. Mainstream production of the first generation Escape/Tribute ended in late 2. For Asia- Pacific markets, both received respective facelifts in 2.
Ford Lio Ho in Taiwan. Extended production of the Mazda lasted until 2. Ford lingering on until 2. Second generations of the Ford Escape, Mercury Mariner, and Mazda Tribute were released in 2. North America. In other markets, the first generation models were either replaced by updated first series versions built in Taiwan, and/or by the unrelated Mazda CX- 7 (2.
Ford Kuga (2. 00. The North American second generations were merely reskins of the first, with carry- over mechanicals, but with restyled hanging panels and a redesigned interior. Unlike the collaborative approach taken with the previous model, this time the design and engineering was carried out by Ford. A hybrid option was again available.
The Mercury version lasted until late 2. Mercury brand, with Mazda's Tribute ending production in late 2. Ford ended manufacture of the second series Escape in 2. Ford released a third generation in 2. North America. This time, rather than issuing an indigenous, albeit Mazda- derived model, Ford rebadged the Escape with the Ford Kuga designed in Europe. Although still manufactured in the US, and fitted with slightly different powertrains, the third generation Escape is fully aligned with the Kuga as per the .
First generation (2. It was jointly developed with Mazda, in which Ford owned a controlling interest, and was released simultaneously with the Mazda Tribute. Both are built on the Ford CD2 platform, in turn based on the Mazda GF platform. At the time, larger sport utility vehicles tended to use pickup truck- based, body- on- frame designs.
Other car makers, Jeep and Toyota, had been offering smaller unibody designs, the Jeep Cherokee (XJ) and RAV4, respectively. Solid rear axles were commonly used due to their ability to carry heavy loads at the expense of a comfortable ride and good handling. Ford and Mazda then decided to offer a car- like, unibody design with a fully independent suspension and rack and pinion steering, the Escape.
If slipping is detected at the front, more power will be sent to the rear wheels in a fraction of a second. The four wheel drive system was a newer version of Ford's . This system allowed the front wheels to receive 1. Using a Rotary Blade Coupling, the rear wheels could be sent up to 1. When switching the system from . The Control Trac II system allows for a four- wheel drive vehicle without the use of a center differential.
The entire braking system was built by Continental Teves, including the ABS and various related suspension components. Only two versions were made, the 2. L Zetec inline 4 engine with manual transmission and 3. L Duratec V6 with automatic transmission, both using gasoline as fuel. The absence of a diesel version did not help sales and the vehicle was temporarily discontinued in late 2.
However, the Maverick, in the UK for example, was only available in XLT trim. Plus, the dashboard was not the same as the US Escape; it was instead taken from the Mazda Tribute. The Maverick was reintroduced in 2. European markets with the Duratec V6 engine. It was announced that the Maverick would be assembled in Russia for the Russian market. As of 2. 00. 6, the Maverick was no longer sold in Europe, leaving Ford without a compact SUV until the 2. Ford Kuga was introduced.
The Maverick was primarily designed for on- road use – sold with normal road tires, and to be used with front- wheel drive most of the time. In the New Car Assessment Program administered by the USA- based National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, the car received five out of five stars for driver protection and four out of five stars for passenger protection in a 3.
In the Insurance Institute for Highway Safety's 4. Escapes received a score of . This feature includes an 'RFID' chip embedded in the key which is read by the car each time the vehicle is started. If the vehicle fails to receive a valid confirmation signal from the key, the vehicle will not run, even if the key is perfectly cut to match the original. Theft, injury, and collision losses reported to insurance companies for the Escape are among the lowest in its class.
In addition, an Escape buyer could choose from one of several different trim levels that were available, which included: XLS (2. As the most basic trim level of the Escape, the XLS included: the 2.
Zetec (2. 00. 1–2. Dura. Tec (2. 00. AM/FM stereo with cassette and CD players (later, a six- disc, in- dash CD changer) and four speakers, high- back front bucket seats, and cloth- and- vinyl seating surfaces. Options include 1. V6 engine (2. 00. XLS Popular Group).
XLT (2. 00. 1–2. 00. As the top- of- the- line trim level of the Escape in 2. Escape throughout its entire run (2. XLT added the following equipment to the base XLS trim level: 1. Options included an AM/FM stereo with a six- disc, in- dash CD changer (which later became standard equipment on all Escapes), the 3. V6 engine, a four- speed automatic transmission, a power sunroof, leather- and- vinyl- trimmed seating surfaces, and the seven- speaker premium audio system with amplifier and rear- mounted subwoofer.
XLT Sport (2. 00. The XLT Sport was one of the more popular trim levels of the Escape from 2. It added equipment to the standard XLT equipment: the V6 engine, four- speed automatic transmission, sport interior trim, and 1.
Options were the same as the standard XLT trim level. Limited (2. 00. 3–2. As the top- of- the- line trim level of the Escape from 2.
Limited trim level added the following equipment to the XLT Sport trim level: an AM/FM stereo with six- disc in- dash CD/MP3 changer, the seven- speaker premium audio system with amplifier and rear- mounted subwoofer, low- back front bucket seats, leather- trimmed seating surfaces, dual power heated front bucket seats, a security system, color- keyed exterior trim, luxury interior trim, and a unique front grille. Options were limited, but included a power sunroof.
Hybrid (2. 00. 5–2. Based on the midrange XLT trim level, the Hybrid included: the 2. Dura. Tec inline- four engine with an electric motor, power front bucket seats, low- back front bucket seats, enhanced partially- recycled cloth seating surfaces, and unique 1.
Options included a power sunroof, a unique integrated GPS navigational system with hybrid information system, Sirius Satellite Radio, the seven- speaker premium audio system with amplifier and rear- mounted subwoofer, leather- trimmed seating surfaces, and a . The most powerful engine remained the 2.
W) Duratec 3. 0 L (2. V6, with new engine mounts.